COURSE DURATION: 5 days

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LEVEL: Intermediate

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DESIGNED FOR YOU, IF YOU ARE...

•    A petroleum Engineer

•    Production Engineer

•    A development geologist, reservoir modeller or field engineer

•    A production manager

•    Field manager

•    Drilling manager, etc.

 

By the end of the course you will feel confident in your understanding of:​

• Skin Damage monitoring

• Selection of Additives

• Designing a Stimulation Job.

• Main parameters and KPI’s for a successful Stimulation Operation.

• Coiled Tubing for a successful Stimulation

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WHAT ARE THE GOALS?

• Introduction to stimulation operations

• Formation damage mechanisms and their identification

• Brainstorming on skin damage

• Acids reactions and their selection for carbonates and sandstones

• Acids and additives used in matrix stimulation

• Candidate well selection

• Acid treatment design

• Acid placement and diverting technologies

• Acid displacement and flow back

• Laboratory tests

• Acid fracturing basics

• HSE and acidizing operations

• Safety & quality assurance

• Well Integrity Principles

• Coiled Tubing and its importance in Stimulation Operations

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How will this Training Course be presented?

This Course will be presented using properly designed slides, some with animation and several videos on relevant issues. Teaching methods include also calculations on related issues.

Several examples of actual Stimulation Programs will be presented. 

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DAILY AGENDA​

 

Day 1: Well Stimulation Objectives

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Introduction to Formation Damage

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• Overview of Formation Damage

• Diagnosis and mitigation of Formation Damage

• Lab Tests to investigate Formation Damage

• Monitoring the Acid Flow Back

• Capturing Information Before, During and After the job

 

Well Stimulation, Fundamentals and Techniques

 

• Stimulation Concept and Objectives

• Reasons to Stimulate a well

• Types of Acid Treatments (Video)

• Important Steps for a Successful Acid Job

• Selection of Candidates for Stimulation

• Matrix Treatment Design Methodology

• Skin Due to several causes

 

Concepts of Porosity and Permeability

 

• Darcy’s Law

• Porosity and Permeability

• Permeability Chart for Typical Sediments

• Controling Wettability

 

 

Day 2: RESERVOIR GEOLOGY

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Diagenesis of Sandstones and Carbonates

 

• Diagenesis of Sandstones

• Deposition, Compaction and Cementation

• Calcite and Quartz

• Carbonate Rocks

• Hydrocarbon Reservoirs

 

 

Types of acids

 

• HCL in Oil Industry

• Types of Acids

• HCL/HF Acids (Mud Acids) and Sandstones

• Other acid Systems

• Gases used in Acidizing

• VES – HCl Gelling and breaking

• HSE Key Points

 

Treatment Guidelines

 

• Checklist for Acid Job Design

• Vertical/Horizontal Well Considerations

• Mechanical Techniques

• Sampling and Titration

• After job follow up

• Acid Jobs that DON’T Work

 

Types of Acids for Different Formations and Compositions

 

• Objectives of Carbonate and Sandstone Acidizing

• Classification of Carbonates

• Acid Selection for Carbonates

• Acid Volume Selection (Carbonates)

• Optimal Wormholing Conditions

• Carbonates - Vertical Wells

• Carbonates - Horizontal Wells

 

 

Day 3: Sandstone Acidizing

 

Acidizing of Sandstones

 

• Matrix Acidizing of Sandstones (Video)

• Acid Selection Guideline for Sandstones

• Field Trials

• Example calculations

 

 

Clays

 

• The Clay Issues in Sandstones

• Clay Types & Damaging Mechanisms

• Delay in Producing of HF Acid

• Laboratory testing for optimal acid selection

• Permeability Change Modeling

 

 

Sandstone Acid Systems

 

• HCl Preflush and Postflush

• Corrosivity

• Soaking Tests Performed on Clay Minerals

• Lab Test & Results

 

Insitu-HF Acid System

 

• Chemistry of the In-situ HF acid System

• Conventional Mud Acid vs In-situ HF Acid System

• Field Trials

• Average Formation Mineralogy

• Treatment Design (in 3 Stages)

 

 

Day 4: Sandstone vs Carbonate Acidizing

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Sandstone Acidizing vs Carbonate Acidizing

 

• Example of Calculation of In-situ HF Acidizing in a Sandstone Reservoir

• Stimulation of Sandstones (Vertical and Horizontal Wells)

• Formation Fluid Compatibility

• HCL Preflush (sandstones)

• Typical Over flushes for HF Treatments

 

 

Precipitation Challenges

 

• Precipitates (in Sandstones)

• Attention to the Completion Fluid

• Formation Response to Acid

• Example of a Gas Well Damaged by Stimulation

• Formation Properties

• Reaction of phosphoric acid leading to HF

 

 

Additives for Acidizing

 

• Common Acid Additives and Application

• Iron Control

• Mechanisms of Inhibition

• EDTA - Ethylene-Diamine-Tetra-Acetic acid

• Acid Corrosion Inhibitors

• Organic Solvents

• Gelling and Fluid Loss Agents

 

Emulsions, Sludges and Scales

 

• Emulsion Blocking

• Factors Affecting Sludges

• Adverse Fluid Reactions

• HCL Emulsion with Oil Base Mud

• Oil Base Mud Clean-up

• Scales: The Scaling Process

• Incompatible Mixing

• Field Observations

• Organic Deposits

• Naphtenates, Asphaltenes and Paraffins

• Non-Acid Matrix Treatments

 

Field Equipment for Acid Jobs

 

• Acid Handeling Equipment

 

Acid Placement and Diversion

 

• Objectives

• Mechanical Acid Placement

• Acid Placement & Diversion

• Examples - Acid Placement Importance

• Mechanical Devices

• Diverting Agents

• Chemical Methods

• Micelles

• In-Situ Gelled Acid

• The MAPDIR Technique

• Comparison of Diversion Methods

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Day 5: Lab Testing and Recommended Compositions

 

Formation Fluid Analysis

 

• Lab Testing : Complete Core Testing

• Wettability and Petrophysics

• HF byproduct Solubility in water

• Well diagnostic

• Laboratory Study (Field Case)

• Job Design

• Typical HF Acid Treatment

• Acid Formulation Design Summary

 

 

Fracture Acidizing

 

• Advances in Hydraulic Fracturing

• Acid Fracturing Treatment Design

• Acid Penetration in Fractures

• Effect of Acid on Conductivity and Penetration

• Acid Fracture Versus Propped Fracture Decision

• Acid Penetration Modelling

·Production Improvement from Stimulation

 

 

Coiled Tubing for Successful Stimulation Jobs

 

• CT Overview

• CT Operations - Job design & Execution Elements

• Pickling Treatment

• Benefits of CT over Conventional WO Rigs

 

Course Overview and wrap-up

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• Lessons learned summary

• Q&A and feedback session

• Certificate distribution

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INSTRUCTORS:

TBA